Soil microbes are a diverse group of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protists, that live in soil and play a crucial role in various soil processes. These microbes are involved in nutrient cycling, decomposition of organic matter, soil structure formation, and plant-microbe interactions. Soil microbes also have a significant impact on soil health, fertility, and overall ecosystem functioning. Research in this area focuses on understanding the diversity, function, and interactions of soil microbes, as well as their response to environmental changes and management practices. Studying soil microbes is important for improving agricultural practices, sustainable land management, and environmental conservation.